HDV is dead, long live HDV

There have been a few articles in the past week stating that the end of HDV is near. This article in particular goes into depth about the emerging intraframe formats which are vying for the low-end professional market.

I agree that AVC-Intra (note: AVC could be either inter- or intra-frame, don’t assume!) and JPEG2000 are good options for compression going forward. They’re both good steps forward, but I don’t think they’re HDV competitors. Let me explain.

At this point there are no “professional” HDV cameras on the market. The closest you get are the XDCamHD products from Sony, which are more or less HDV wrapped in MXF going onto an optical disc, with the ability to bump up the bitrate a little bit. All the other HDV cameras on the market are, in my opinion at least, consumer or pro-sumer level. JVC might argue a bit, but they’re JVC so who cares?

The products being discussed in the Nordahl article are most closely related to the XDcamHD products. Neither AVC-Intra nor JPEG2000 are particularly well suited to tape based storage, at least miniDV style cassettes. The Panasonic and Grass Valley (respectively) cameras instead make use of different direct-to-disk recording options. AVC-Intra is just an i-frame-only version of H264, which itself is just a further development of the technology from MPEG-2. JPEG2000 uses wavelet compression and could be pretty impressive. I’ve never used it in production. Both are solid choices for higher-bitrate recording.

I don’t think HDV is going anywhere soon. Getting away from LongGOP compression is a good idea in the long run, but for the low end of the market I think it’ll have to wait until flash memory becomes much larger and much cheaper. I’m a firm believer that it will be difficult to penetrate the low end of the market without the ability to easily swap media in the field, without lugging along a laptop. That means being able to carry a pocket full of flash cards, preferably of some variety that can be purchased at a local Target or Best Buy when you’re shooting in the field. P2 is a start down that path, but I think widespread adoption is still a ways off. Products like the Firestore are just bridging the gap until we can have proper direct-to-memory capture.

From a technical standpoint, I think we’re just starting to see what HDV can do. For example, read Steve Mullen’s article on smart GOP splicing. If you can avoid the generational issues of reencoding HDV, the remaining issues are based on processing speed. I wouldn’t be surprised to see realtime HDV output over firewire in the next version of Final Cut.

Here’s my predictions for recording formats in 2007 and 2008. For cameras under $10,000, HDV will remain the dominant force. The HVX-200 and successors will continue to embrace P2, but I think it’ll be 2009 or 2010 before P2 is really practical in all situations.

For cameras from $20,000 – $50,000, you’ll see a few formats. AVC-Intra will replace DVCProHD, as NLEs add support for that format. AVC-Intra has major benefits over DVCProHD with no downsides. XDCamHD will stick with the current setup through 2007, but in 2008 I’m expecting to see a higher bitrate recording system (XDCamHD2 or some such) which will add a non-GOP recording format. It’d be nice if it was JPEG2000, but I’m guessing it’ll be SONY2000 or something stupid and proprietary like that. JVC will continue to push ProHD long past its sell-by date, and the HD100 will become a faded memory.

Above $50,000, I think what we’ve got today is pretty much where we’ll stay, with the exception of DVCProHD being replaced by AVC-Intra. HDCam, HDCam-SR, D5 and the other “big tape” formats are with us for the long haul at this point. Various direct-to-crazy-raid turnkey solutions will probably begin to creep into this market space as well, but it’ll be a slow process.

And me? I’ll just go back to shooting Hi8.

… “Why I don’t care about AVCHD but maybe you should” …

Panasonic has released a couple of new AVCHD-based camcorders, the HDC-SD1 and the HDC-DX1. The SD1 shoots to SD card, the DX1 shoots to 8mm DVDs.

Both of these cameras record in AVCHD, a format which appears to be gaining some traction in the consumer space. What is it? Essentially it’s an H264-based recording format targeted at folks who don’t have any intention of serious post production. Because H264 is not only long-GOP but also bi-directionally predicted, cutting it in an NLE is relatively problematic. But then, how many soccer-moms or nascar-dads are cutting their video of little Jimmy’s baseball game? Not that many.

Anyways, I haven’t paid much attention to these devices because I’m not convinced they’re worth the trouble. For most people, digital cameras are quickly replacing separate camcorder devices, because the 640x480x30fps video that most digicams shoot is “good enough.” For those who need a little more, something like the Sanyo Xacti HD1A is probably a more convenient device than a traditional camcorder form factor. I’ll have one of those in for review in a few days, so we’ll see.

In any case, I think AVCHD is an interesting format which I don’t really care about. But perhaps you do.

Politics in the Age of YouTube

Seeing as I have a Political Science degree rotting on my shelf, I figured I’d make a big-picture post about my view on the impact of YouTube during this election cycle.

By providing the ability to distribute video without concerns over bandwidth and storage space, YouTube has had two very distinct impacts on the way the “netroots” groups operate during this cycle. While “netroots” is a rather stupid term, in this case I’m using it to refer to the politically aware, internet savvy folks who troll sites ranging from DailyKos to (gulp) FreeRepublic.

I want to look at two cases to show by example. The first is the case in which a candidate is able to audition ads to the entire country, without making an ad buy. They can then use the ad to raise funds. In this way, folks can give money directly in response to what they believe is effective advertising, rather than giving money in the hopes that the candidate applies it wisely. Whether or not this is a good thing for the political media landscape is yet to be decided.

An example is this ad, from the Ohio 2nd (the fighting second!). The Wuslin campaign has made very effective use of YouTube to get their ads out and to solicit feedback. Other groups and candidates are making similar use of YouTube. Unlike in the past, this isn’t a case of individuals recording ads from TV and posting them, these ads are being posted by the campaigns themselves. The global availability of these ads, combined with candidate websites and political blogs, has made every race a national race.

The second way in which YouTube has become a force in the election is the ability to quickly and easily share video of politicians being stupid. Before this election, a politician would say something stupid, like “We’ve never been stay the course,” and the website hosting the video would get hammered and knocked offline. But now, when someone says “Macaca,” or talks about “the Google” the video can live on and on without the hosting provider pulling the plug. The impact of this shouldn’t be discounted.

Will YouTube decide the elections? Definitely not – just like blogs didn’t decide the election in 2004. But what it will do is increase interest in candidates who might otherwise not get significant exposure. Thoughts?

If only it wasn’t Sony

I know that Sony announced the HVR-DR60 harddisk recorder a week or so ago, but I hadn’t seen a good picture until today. Darn that’s a nice looking DDR.

I mean, it’s totally useless, but darn it sure does look nice.

Useless?

Useless for me at least. Perhaps you’ll find it to be a world full of happy. It’s M2T and AVI only, and likely won’t support anything like Canon’s 24F or JVC’s 24p. So, FCP users are out in the cold.

As I say, I wouldn’t give it a second thought if it wasn’t such a darn nice looking product. Sigh.

Oh, it’s also FAT32. It’s time for FAT32 to die. Yes, I know, it’s the only truly cross-platform disk format. Frankly, I’d much rather a device that gave me the choice to run the disk in NTFS or HFS+. Generally, when I’m out shooting, I know whether I’ll be hooking the drive up to a Mac or a PC. Since these are all using Linux under the hood, it shouldn’t be too difficult – Linux can more or less write to both NTFS and HFS these days. Getting rid of the 2gb file limit would be a dream.

Done with that then…

Finally, the dreaded August lull is over

Well, things are definitely back in swing here at the University of Minnesota. Students are back on campus, wandering around with doe-eyed faces, while the rest of us complain about how much easier it was to park last week.

In the rest of the world as well, things are heating up. August is traditionally a very slow news month in this industry, and this August was no exception. Hence the lack of posts here. There was literally nothing to talk about.

August is gone now, and September is here. And with it comes news!

First off, Apple released new iMacs and Mac Minis today. The iMac gets the upgraded Merom processor, with 64bit support. They’ve also added a monster 24″ iMac to the line, which even includes Firewire 800. The Mac Mini gets an all-dual lineup, at the same price points.

While this by itself would be good news, even better is what it foretells for next week’s Special Event. Obviously there’s something Hollywoodish going on with the “It’s Showtime” invitation. The fact that they released the new macs today instead of using them as filler for next Tuesday is a good sign that Apple is pretty excited about whatever they have to show off.

Even more interesting is a trademark filing Apple recently made about their iMovie trademark. They’ve added a few new classes to the trademark, indicating that they’re likely going to move the iMovie trademark into some new markets. The new classes deal with online transactions, electronic sales and other items. While this may be purely coincidental, it sure seems that the name iMovie is going to end up being associated with their new movie distribution push.

Exciting Times!

Furthermore, IBC starts this weekend. Anyone want to fly me to Amsterdam? We can expect more announcements from across the industry.

HDV error correction

I’ve been helping out on a shoot using our XL-H1s over the past few weeks, and one thing I’ve noticed is that using Sony PR tape stock, we’re seeing roughly one dropout per tape. This isn’t so bad, and we’re recording to harddisk as well, but it has gotten me thinking about HDV dropouts.

In DV, a dropout might mean you lost a few macroblocks scattered throughout the frame (the macroblocks are even laid to tape in a non-sequential order so that you don’t lose a whole chunk of image to a dropout – clever!). In HDV, you lose 15 entire frames. I’m very curious to know whether this is due to technical necessity, or a choice on the part of engineers. It seems to me that if you handled an HDV dropout the same way you handle a DV dropout, the effect would somewhat similar. However, since HDV is interframe within the GOP, you’d end up with a dropout artifact that potentially travelled around the screen for 15 frames. Have they chosen to just not display the whole chunk of frames because it would look worse to display the artifact?

A dropout on an HDV recording will also knock out more picture information (since there’s more picture data per byte) than a similar dropout in DV, but I still can’t grasp why we need to lose a whole 15 frames. Even if the dropout hit on the I-Frame of a GOP, you can still often do a passable job reconstruction a frame using P-frames, especially if you could look back to the previous GOP.

So, I want better error correction in HDV. Make it so.

REDdy freddy?

Here’s what I considered the possibilities for what RED is all about:

1) It’s a total scam, just for fun. (unlikely)

2) They’re serious, but will miss their goal time.

3) They’re serious, but will under-deliver.

4) They’re doing this in the hopes of being bought out dotcom-style.

One need only pause for a second to get a sense of the scale of their problem. At 4k, 12bit, 4:4:4, 60p, your data rate is in excess of 2gigabytes (BYTES!) per second. A duallink, 4gig fiberchannel connection tops out around 1gigabyte/sec. The fastest RAID array I saw at the show, which had 42 drives in it, could sustain 750 megabytes/sec.

So, they’d need an interface that could push that much, and an array that could write that much. Even Infiniband can’t do it in a single link connection (I don’t know if infiniband does dual link).

They also claim that the sensor will be upgradable to higher resolutions in the future. That would imply that the backplane and everything else internally can handle even HIGHER datarates. I’m just not convinced – though I always leave open the possibility that I’ll be proven wrong…

Where hath all the CRTs gone? (Rant)

It’s starting to get really hard to get a CRT video monitor. This makes me sad. I’ve always been a big fan of the Sony PVM series, but they are not long for this world (limited stock is still available). The replacement is Sony’s LUMA LCD line. Now, go and read the Luma FAQ, especially the question “Is the quality of the LUMA line as good as the PVM?” – their answer? “No.”

So why discontinue the PVMs? Arg.

Apparently they’re still making the 16:9 BVM series monitors, though even that is rather ambiguous. I’ve heard from at least one person that Sony is dropping those as well. This confusion led me to call Sony. Big mistake. Read on to learn how my head exploded.

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Why are there no good review sites of this stuff?

Part of the inspiration for starting this site was the utter lack of decent review sites for video gear. At best you’ll find reviews of cameras, and even then they tend to be “dude in his bedroom shooting out his window” type of stuff.

Case in point, I’m trying to find a decently priced HMI kit. B&H has plenty to chose from. Why isn’t there a site I can go to to read reviews? Hear about quality? At best I’m left searching forums looking for answers. Someone should get some proper VC together and start an all-encompasing production gear review site. Anyone want to volunteer?